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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Glaucoma secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an uncommon but serious complication that threatens vision and therefore cannot be neglected. A few cases of secondary glaucoma resulting from lupus-induced or iatrogenic ocular impairments have been reported in association with SLE. However, a systematic analysis of the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma secondary to SLE has not been reported in the literature. The aim of this study is to further investigate the relationship between glaucoma and SLE.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, we reviewed nine eyes of five patients diagnosed with secondary glaucoma associated with SLE, including one case of neovascular glaucoma and four cases of steroid-induced glaucoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Neovascular glaucoma was successfully treated by Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation surgery with adjunctive ranibizumab intravitreal injection, followed by panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). The steroid-induced glaucoma in eight eyes of four cases were controlled by trabeculectomy along with antiproliferative agents.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Regular follow-up ocular examinations should be conducted to ensure early diagnosis and treatment of secondary glaucoma in SLE patients to improve the prognosis of vision.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized , Therapeutic Uses , Glaucoma , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Ranibizumab , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Background Horizontal sulcus-to-sulcus (STS) and white-to-white diameter are important parameters for designing the proper size of collamer implantable contact lens (ICL).Inappropriate size of ICL may induce the complications postoperatively.Several previous studies compare horizontal STS and white-to-white diameter in normal eyes have been reported,but seldom in high myopic eyes.Objective This study was to investigate the discrepancy of STS diameters in 4 axes and analyze the relationship between horizontal STS diameter and white-towhite diameter in high myopia eyes.Methods The STS diameters in 4 axes (45,90,135 and 180 degrees) and the white-to-white diameters were measured in 48 eyes of 26 high myopia patients using the 50 MHz ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM),the Orbscan-Ⅱ topography system,and the IOL Master,respectively.The mean spherical was (-12.93±3.87) diopters (D) (-8 to-20 D).Statistical evaluation was performed using the one-way ANOVA for comparison of measurement.The agreement of three devices was assessed using the Bland and Altman method.Results The mean STS diameter at 45,90,135 and 180 degrees was (12.06±0.50) mm,(12.27±0.50)mm,(12.03±0.46) mm and (11.84±0.47)mm,respectively.The 90 degree STS was significantly larger than other STS diameters (all at P＜0.05).The 180 degrees STS was significantly shorter than other STS diameters (all at P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference between 45 degree STS and 135 degree STS (P=0.817).The mean WTW was (11.56±0.40) mm with Orbscan Ⅱ z topography system and (11.98±0.41) mm with IOLMaster.The WTW measured with Orbscan Ⅱ z was significantly shorter than the 180 degrees STS (t =-4.384,P =0.000).The WTW measured with IOLMaster was significantly larger than the 180 degrees STS (t =2.368,P =0.000).Bland-Altman analysis showed not very well agreement for measurements of WTW,STS between Orbscan Ⅱz and UBM,IOLMaster and UBM,Orbscan Ⅱ z and IOLMaster,the width of 95％ confidence interval (CI) were-0.57 to 1.12 mm,-0.96 to 0.67 mm,-0.73 to-0.13 mm,respectively.Conclusions The STS diameters in 4 different axes are not identical with each other in high myopia eyes.The longest STS is in the vertical meridian,the shortest STS is in the horizontal meridian.The WTW diameter measured with both Orbscan Ⅱ z and IOLMaster are not precise for calculating the horizontal STS in high myopia eyes.Three instruments cannot be interchanged for calculating the size of ICL.
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OBJECTIVE： To confirm the efficacy and safety of latanoprost in treating glaucoma.METHODS： In a double blind， randomized control clinical trial， we compared the efficacy and adverse drug reactions of once daily topically applied 0.005％ latanoprost with those of twice daily 0.5％ timolol for 12 weeks in patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.RESULTS： The study included 46 patients（22 pts.randomized to latanoprost treatment， 24 pts.to timolol） ， 46 patients remained at the end of the study.Comparing with baseline diurnal intraocular pressure（IOP） ， the IOP reduction（mean±standard deviation） achieved with latanoprost（7.86±2.39） mmHg， （31.1％， P<0.001），and timolol（6.24±2.58）mmHg （24.9%，P<0.001），the difference between the two groups（1.62mmHg） being significant（P<0.01）. Two patients treated with latanoprost had foreign body sensation. No other ocular and systemic adverse reactions related to the two drugs were found. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that 0.005% latanoprost applied once daily is well tolerated and more effective in reducing IOP than 0.5% timolol applied twice daily. Thus, latanoprost has the potential for becoming one of the ideal antiglaucoma drugs.
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AIM: To investigate the inducing action of retinal cells of rat neonates on the adult rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs).METHODS: The full marrow from adult Wistar rat were cultured and passaged repeatedly to harvest the pure BMSCs. In vitro, the BMSCs were induced by retinal cells of rat neonates in transwell.The morphological changes of the BMSCs were observed under phase contrast microscope, the specific markers of the induced cells were ~identified immunocytochemically with nestin, Map-2, neuron-specific enolase(NSE),neurofilament(NF), Thy 1.1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) antibodies. The mRNA of nestin, NF, NSE, Thy 1.1 and Ran were detected in the induced cells by RT-PCR.RESULTS: The BMSCs were induced by reinal cells of rat neonates into the retina-like neurons, which showed the typical neural morphology and expression of the specific retinal neural antigens.CONCLUSION: The BMSCs from the adult rat can be induced into retina-like cells by retinal cells of rat neonates. [
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AIM:To explore the feasibility of inducing mouse embryonic stem cells into neural stem cells in vitro. METHODS: Embryonic body induced by retinoic acid and retinal m?ller cells were selected in neural stem cell-defined medium for 7 days, and the morphological changes were observed. The selected cells were stained immunocytochemically with anti-nestin, anti-BrdU antibodies, and their ability of expansion and differentiation were analyzed. RESULTS:Large amounts of neurospheres were derived from embryonic body in the selected medium on the 7th day, which could be passaged and differentiated, stained positive with nestin and BrdU, and expressed nestin, glutaminase and Brn-3 genes. CONCLUSION:Neural stem cells could be derived from embryonic body induced by RA and m?ller cells in the selected medium, which would offer an alternative to treat neuropathy such as glaucoma and retinal degeneration in the future.